consonant before vowel onset The basic elements of the syllable one or more concenets rhyme (sometimes written as 'rime') consists of a vowel nucleus vowel letters coda consonant(s) open syllable ends in a vowel Close Syllable syllable ends in one or more consonants consonant cluster the onset and the coda can consist of more than a single consonant, also known as a consonant cluster. syllable must contain a vowel or vowel like sound iclouding diphthongs.

phoneme smallest unit of sound in the mind phones in the mouth describing the different versions produced Allophone variation of a phoneme aspiration the puff of air aspirated flap glottal stop dental articulation eighth minimal pairs a pair of words that differ by only 1 phoneme (fan/van) minimal set Made up of more than two forms (words, phrases, sentences) that differ in meaning, contain the same number of sound segments, and display only one phonetic difference, which occurs at the same place in the form. Mid front to high front diphthong boat, home, owe, throw, toe mid back to hugh back diphthong boy, noise, royalīack mid to high front What do we call the space between the vocal folds? glottis How many fricatives are there in the pronunciation of mechanic? none Phonology the description of the systems and patterns of speech sounds in a language. Low central to high back diphthong bait, eight, great, late, say Low central to high front diphthongs bough, doubt, cow They are all typically voiced front vowels iįront high front vowel ɪ bid, myth, womenįront low central vowels central above, oven, supportĬentral mid central butt, blood, dove, toughĬentral mid back vowels back vowel boo, move, two, youīack high back vowel book, could, putīack high back vowel born, caught, fall, rawīack low diphthong combination of two vowel sounds Diphthongs Diphthongs buy, eye, I, my, pie, sigh

vowels sounds are produced with a relatively free flow of air. flap This sound is produced by the tongue tip tapping the alveolar ridge briefly. Is produced when the space between the vocal folds (the glottis) is closed completely very briefly, then released. Glottal space between the vocal folds stops block airflow, let it go abruptly, ,, , Fricatives almost block airflow, let it escape through a narrow gap, ,, ,, ,, Affricates combination of stop and fricative nasals lower the velum, let air flow out through nose Glides move tongue to or from a vowel glottal stop

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